During June- July, due to monsoon rains the stress is broken and the trees with full of new flush ready for Mrig bloom which may invite problems of insects, pests and diseases due to prevailing high humidity and warm temperature. Similarly, the problem of water stagnation may also arise, Hence, the remedial measures should be undertaken as per the need.
1. After the first showers, apply Bordeaux paste to the trunk of citrus trees as a prophylactic measure. Against collar rot and gummosis caused by phytophthora
Infection.
2. Care should be taken to avoid water stagnation near trunk of the tree. In case of water stagnation dig’V’ shaped furrows in between the rows across the slope to drain out excess of water in the orchard.
3. Basins of irrigation should be leveled to avoid stagnation. The laterals of the drip system should be winded up if drip irrigation system exists.
4. Incidence of citrus psylla and leaf miner is common on new flush. Control psylla and leaf miner by spraying Acephate or Dimethoate or Quinalphos at bud burst stage or when infestation in noticed on sprouts. Repeat the spray after 15 days.
5. Canker of acid line spreads very fast during monsoon. Hence, all the affected leaves and branches should be pruned and burnt and Copper oxycghloride (COC) should
be sprayed before the onset of monsoon.
6. After the onset of rains, spray COC mixed with streptocycline at monthly intervals to check the spread of canker.
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During this period heavy rains cause water stagnation which result into suffocation of root system and also create conducive conditions for the Phytophthora diseases. During this period fruiting trees require nutritional rectification. The fruits of acid lime and sweet lime are ready for harvest. The Nagpur mandarin fruits are in the process of maturity which with the colour break fall prey to the attack of fruit sucking moth. Due to high humidity the problem of citrus canker gets aggravated leading to excessive fruit drop.
1. If an orchardist wants to go for new plantation; transplanting of plants is done.
2. Stagnated water should be dispose by providing trenches along with the slope.
3. According to age of the plant, apply doses of N. P. and K fertilizers.
4. To reduce the fruit drop of Ambia bahar, spray NAA or 24-Dwith Ridomil and Bavistin that would reduce fruit drop by 10-20%.
5. Fruits of acid and sweet lime should be packed when ready for harvest.
6. Fruit sucking moth punctures the Ambia fruits predisposing them to fungal infection resulting into fruit drop. Use light trap for its control. Destroy or burry the fallen fruits.
7. Control schedule for citrus canker as suggested should be followed.
During this period Hasta flush is on the tree, which again may be attacked by the insect-pests and diseases.
The crust for matikon should be broken to avoid suffocation of roots Harvesting of Ambia fruits and fertilizer application are the operations to be undertaken during this period.
1. Earthing up of a basin to break the crust formed that facilitates aeration for root zones.
2. Basins for irrigation should be kept ready.
3. Sow the rootstock seed in primary nursery for better growth of the seedling.
4. Fruits should be guarded against the attack of Fruit sucking moth.
5. Remove and destroy fallen fruits.
6. Harvesting of fruits should betaken up at right stage of maturity.
7, Before harvesting the Ambia fruits, a systemic MBC fungicide spray should be undertaken thrice at 15 days interval.
8. In order to ensure good crop in the next season, plants should be fertilized adequately so that proper supply of nutrients is constantly maintained.
9. Apply Bordeaux paste after the cessation of monsoon.
10. Hasta flush should be sprayed with insecticides against citrus psylla and leaf miner.
11. During November fruits of Mrig bahar may suffer from the attack of citrus rust mite. The feeding manifestation develops into 40-60% red brownish patch on the fruits after a month’s period which is evident by end of December and January. It requires problem identification by an expert in Nov. itself, and if infestation confirmed. Miticidal spray is essential.
The Ambia fruits harvesting may get extended to December which leaves behind the dry shoots,. Dry shoot harbors lot of pathogens and most of them multiply on it and later on they attack the plant parts. Hence, dry shoot removal should invariably be following by fungicidal spray. The irrigation should be withdrawn in December to impose water stress for induction of Ambia bahar
During 2nd fortnight of January the stress should be broken by irrigating the orchard thoroughly.
1. Pruning of dry shoots should be taken up after the harvest of Ambia fruits.
2. While pruning the dead wood. Care must be taken to dip the blades of sector in 1% Sodium hypochloride solution after every plant to avoid the spread of disease.
3. Immediately after pruning of dry shoots a systemic MBC fungicidal spray e.g. Carbendazim should be given.
4. Ensure that there is no excessive leaf fall. It could be an indication of disease infestation. Undertake suitable control measures.
5. Impose stress to the plants, Duration of stress should be fixed depending upon the occurrence of low temperature. Texture and depth of soil,. If there are intermittent rains, fresh stress may again be initiated or irrigation may be continued depending on the time for which plants are exposed to stress.
The Ambia flush is in full swing during this time which attracts insects pests like psylla,. Black fly, leaf miner and on the maturing Mrig bahar fruits and mite problem is quite serious. Regular irrigation should be given maintain Ambia blossoms
1. Irrigate the orchard at 7-10 days intervals.
2. It must be ensured that the budding is done at the height of 9” – 12” above the ground level.
3. Apply Farmyard manure (FYM) during January month to facilitate decomposition. Its mobilization starts after 3-4 months.
4. If the zinc deficiency symptoms are noticed, apply zinc sulphate to the plants mixed with sufficient quantity of FYM to be spread uniformly on the entire zone of feeder root concentration.
5. Control mites on Mrig fruit with miticide and citrus psylla, thrips and aphids on young flush with systemic insecticides by spraying on new flush.
6. If flowering is already there do not undertake spraying because it will affect fruiting adversely due to the damage caused to stigma.
Irrigation should be continued to maintain Ambia fruits, Fertilizers should also be given . There is a possibility of gummosis and other diseases. Digging, cleaning and maintenance work of the drainage channel should be done during the month of May. The irrigation should be withdrawn in May for the Mrig bahar fruits.
1. Frequency of irrigation should be increased from earlier usual schedule of 10-12 days to 4-5 days intervals. S
2. Check the stock budded during winter and cut the tops of the successfully budded plants above the bud union.
3. Apply fertilizer in April- May if there is flush during March, prior to which a sufficient moisture in soil has to be ensure.
4. Control of bark eating caterpillar should be done by injecting solution of Nuvan (0.1%) in the hole after clearing the infested trunk of the frass.
5. As a prophylactic measure, spray Ridomil MZ-72 before the onset of monsoon or
Aliette at 40 days interval on the plants affected with Phytophthora infections